One of the most important developments in European history, the railways helped create the social and economic fabric of the continent. In the ‘Golden Age’ of the railways, from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth, there was no more exciting, exotic or desirable way to travel.

As the major railway companies quickly became huge industrial powers in their own right, they began to influence the infrastructure of trade, industry, agriculture and settlement. In some countries the bulk of the railway network was centralized under state control, while in others corporate and personal fortunes were won and lost as railway fever spread far and wide.