Within this book we would like to propose a general overview of the American and Soviet cinematography during Second World War and the first decades od the Cold War (namely starting from the year 1947 until 1970) in order to examine a role of feature film as a political tool, which was used by the two superpowers. Our overall intention is to analyze and evaluate how much the film industry was dependent on the ongoing events and the political circumstances, and to illustrate how the incumbent politicians during those years tried to criticize, condemn, ridicule or simply outshine the politics and the ideology of the other party by using one tool: the motion picture.